ABP stands for Authentication By Personalisation. It means that the encryption keys are configured manually on the device and can start sending frames to the Gateway without needing a ‘handshake’ procedure to exchange the keys (such as the one performed during an OTAA join procedure).
The example below attempts to get any data received after sending the frame. Keep in mind that the Gateway might not be sending any data back, therefore we make the socket non-blocking before attempting to receive, in order to prevent getting stuck waiting for a packet that will never arrive. I
Note for US915 / AU915 regions: if you are planning to send packets to a Pygate (or any other 8-channel gateway) with the supplied configuration file, you will need to define the correct uplink channels. These regions support up to 64 uplink channels, meaning the node can transmit on a channel that is not received. Uncomment the respective sections in the example below to select the correct uplink channels.
from network import LoRa
import socket
import ubinascii
import struct
# Initialise LoRa in LORAWAN mode.
# Please pick the region that matches where you are using the device:
# Asia = LoRa.AS923
# Australia = LoRa.AU915
# Europe = LoRa.EU868
# United States = LoRa.US915
lora = LoRa(mode=LoRa.LORAWAN, region=LoRa.EU868)
# create an ABP authentication params
dev_addr = struct.unpack(">l", ubinascii.unhexlify('00000005'))[0]
nwk_swkey = ubinascii.unhexlify('2B7E151628AED2A6ABF7158809CF4F3C')
app_swkey = ubinascii.unhexlify('2B7E151628AED2A6ABF7158809CF4F3C')
# Uncomment for US915 / AU915 & Pygate
# for i in range(0,8):
# lora.remove_channel(i)
# for i in range(16,65):
# lora.remove_channel(i)
# for i in range(66,72):
# lora.remove_channel(i)
# join a network using ABP (Activation By Personalization)
lora.join(activation=LoRa.ABP, auth=(dev_addr, nwk_swkey, app_swkey))
# create a LoRa socket
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_LORA, socket.SOCK_RAW)
# set the LoRaWAN data rate
s.setsockopt(socket.SOL_LORA, socket.SO_DR, 5)
# make the socket blocking
# (waits for the data to be sent and for the 2 receive windows to expire)
s.setblocking(True)
# send some data
s.send(bytes([0x01, 0x02, 0x03]))
# make the socket non-blocking
# (because if there's no data received it will block forever...)
s.setblocking(False)
# get any data received (if any...)
data = s.recv(64)
print(data)
